Burlington County
Burlington County, established in 1681, is the oldest county in the state of New Jersey. Named for the town of Bridlington in East Riding of Yorkshire, England, it played a significant role in the early development of the region and continues to be a diverse and economically important part of the state. The county seat is Mount Holly.
History
The area that comprises present-day Burlington County was originally inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. European settlement began in the early 17th century with Dutch and Swedish traders and colonists. In 1681, the Province of West Jersey was divided into Burlington and Gloucester counties, making Burlington the first established county in New Jersey[1]. The initial settlers were primarily English Quakers, seeking religious freedom. William Penn was instrumental in promoting settlement in West Jersey, and the county quickly became a haven for those seeking a tolerant society.
Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, Burlington County flourished as an agricultural center. The fertile land supported a variety of crops, and the county became a major producer of fruits, vegetables, and grains. The development of transportation networks, including canals and railroads, further boosted the economy. During the American Revolutionary War, Burlington County was a strategically important area, and several battles and skirmishes took place within its borders. Mount Holly served as the state capital for a brief period during the war. The county’s commitment to the ideals of liberty and self-governance were central to its early identity.
Geography
Burlington County encompasses a diverse landscape, ranging from rolling hills and forests to flat coastal plains. The county's total area is approximately 829 square miles, making it one of the largest counties in New Jersey[2]. The Delaware River forms the western boundary of the county, while the Mullica River and its tributaries drain much of the interior. The Pinelands National Reserve occupies a significant portion of the county's southern region, characterized by unique ecosystems and sandy soils.
The county’s topography influences its land use patterns. The northern and western portions of Burlington County are generally more hilly and forested, supporting a mix of agriculture, residential development, and conservation areas. The central and eastern parts of the county are flatter and more heavily cultivated, with a greater concentration of farmland. The coastal areas are characterized by wetlands, marshes, and barrier islands, providing important habitat for wildlife and recreational opportunities. The county experiences a humid subtropical climate, with warm summers and mild winters.
Culture
Burlington County possesses a rich cultural heritage, reflecting its diverse population and long history. The Quaker influence is still evident in many of the county’s towns and communities, particularly in the emphasis on simplicity, community service, and social justice. Numerous historic sites and museums preserve the county’s past, including the Historic Smithville Village, a recreated 19th-century mill town.
The county hosts a variety of cultural events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating its agricultural traditions, artistic talent, and community spirit. Local farmers’ markets offer fresh produce and handcrafted goods, while art galleries and theaters showcase the work of local artists and performers. The county’s culinary scene reflects its agricultural abundance, with a growing number of farm-to-table restaurants and wineries. A strong sense of local pride and community involvement are hallmarks of Burlington County’s cultural identity.
Notable Residents
Burlington County has been home to numerous individuals who have made significant contributions in various fields. William Haines, a prominent figure in the early history of New Jersey, served as a colonial governor and played a key role in the development of the province. Jacob Lippincott, a 19th-century businessman and philanthropist, founded the Lippincott & Co. publishing house, which became a leading publisher of medical and scientific books[3].
More recently, Burlington County has been the residence of several athletes, artists, and entrepreneurs. While specific details on many contemporary residents are not consistently documented in the provided sources, the county continues to attract individuals seeking a high quality of life and a strong sense of community. The county’s proximity to major metropolitan areas, such as Philadelphia and New York City, also contributes to its appeal as a place to live and work.
Economy
Historically, Burlington County’s economy was primarily based on agriculture. While agriculture remains an important sector, the county’s economy has diversified significantly in recent decades. Manufacturing, healthcare, and professional services are now major employers. The county benefits from its strategic location along major transportation corridors, providing access to regional and national markets[4].
The Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, located partially within Burlington County, is a major economic driver, providing thousands of jobs and contributing significantly to the local economy. The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries are also growing in the county, attracted by its skilled workforce and proximity to research institutions. Tourism plays a role, with visitors drawn to the county’s historic sites, natural attractions, and recreational opportunities. The county government actively promotes economic development initiatives to attract new businesses and support existing ones.
Attractions
Burlington County offers a variety of attractions for visitors and residents alike. Historic Smithville Village, a recreated 19th-century mill town, provides a glimpse into the county’s past, with working craft shops, a gristmill, and a train ride. The Pinelands National Reserve offers opportunities for hiking, canoeing, and wildlife viewing, showcasing the unique ecosystems of the region.
Long Beach Island, a barrier island along the Atlantic coast, is a popular destination for beachgoers, surfers, and nature lovers. The county also boasts numerous parks and forests, providing recreational opportunities such as hiking, biking, and picnicking. Batsto Village, a historic iron forge, offers a fascinating look at the county’s industrial heritage. The county’s many wineries and breweries provide opportunities for wine tasting and craft beer sampling.
Getting There
Burlington County is easily accessible by several major highways, including the New Jersey Turnpike, Interstate 295, and Route 70. The county is also served by several regional rail lines, including NJ Transit, providing convenient access to Philadelphia and other destinations. Philadelphia International Airport is the closest major airport, offering domestic and international flights.
Public transportation within the county is provided by NJ Transit buses and local shuttle services. The county’s road network is well-maintained, but traffic congestion can occur during peak hours, particularly in the more densely populated areas. Bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure is being expanded to promote alternative modes of transportation.
Neighborhoods
Burlington County is comprised of 40 municipalities, each with its own distinct character and identity. Mount Holly, the county seat, is a historic town with a charming downtown area. Medford is a growing suburban community with a vibrant downtown and a strong sense of community. Moorestown is known for its excellent schools and upscale residential neighborhoods.
Evesham Township is one of the largest municipalities in the county, with a diverse population and a mix of residential, commercial, and industrial areas. Shamong Township is a rural community located within the Pinelands National Reserve, offering a peaceful and natural setting. Each municipality contributes to the overall diversity and vibrancy of Burlington County.